Watch the videoListen to the whole conversation.先看视频，听一遍完整对话
Study the 31 expressionsLearn what they mean and how to use them.读 31 个表达，弄懂意思和用法
Back to the conversationRead along with the recording.回到对话，对照原文跟读
Do the exercisesTap the buttons to check your answers.做练习，点按钮核对答案
01
Conversation对话全文
Boss
I've called you here to talk about the selection of a new director for the Customer Service Department. As you know, so far there are only two candidates, Martha Francis and Juliette Welch. First, I'd like to hear your comments, both pro and con, about Martha's qualifications for this position.
我把大家叫来，是要谈谈选客户服务部新主管的事。大家都知道，目前只有两位候选人：Martha Francis 和 Juliette Welch。首先，我想听听大家对 Martha 是否胜任这个职位的意见，赞成的、反对的都说说。
Ivana
Well, I think Martha is the perfect person for this position. She's been with the company for twenty years, so she knows the business inside out. She's conservative and serious; plus she gets along with everybody.
Yikes! In my opinion, if she becomes director, nothing will change. I mean, we wouldn't see anything new—just the opposite—we'd keep on implementing the same programs as always.
She isn't known for thinking outside the box. What's more, we'd start to see our current customer base fall off, simply because our competitors have enthusiastic new people and innovative programs. I'm just sayin'...
I have to agree with April and Katie on this one. In the first place, Martha is too conservative; plus she'd hardly inspire any enthusiasm among the employees.
这件事我得同意 April 和 Katie 的看法。首先，Martha 太保守了，而且她很难调动员工的积极性。
Look, if Juliette gets this job, it will be a total disaster for the company. In the first place, her fancy degree isn't worth squat because she has zero experience. Besides, we don't even know her very well. Good grief, she's only been here since March, and to top it all off, we all know that she was fired from her last job.
Really. I've heard that her coworkers think she's a bit uppity, like she thinks she's the queen of the office. She's not exactly popular with the other employees. I don't think they'd be happy with her as the boss.
Well, since I put her name up, I have to say that I see her as a very bright and competent person. Still, I recognize that she lacks experience. And now that you tell me that her personality could cause friction among the employees, then I'll go along with your decision in this case.
Obviously, we haven't found the ideal person to handle this job. We may have to look outside the company, which I don't particularly want to do. We'll meet here tomorrow at the same time. I'll expect your suggestions—and they'd better be more promising!
原句She's conservative and serious; plus she gets along with everybody. — Ivana
例句
What's more, there are lots of things to do, from golfing to swimming and other water sports, plus many activities organized especially for children.而且，可玩的东西很多，从高尔夫到游泳和其他水上运动都有，还有很多专门为孩子安排的活动。
04
to top it all off更要命的是；最妙的是
引出最后、也是最有分量的一条理由，好事坏事都能用：好事是“最妙的是”，坏事是“更要命的是”。也可以说 for the frosting on the cake、as if that weren't enough。
原句and to top it all off, we all know that she was fired from her last job. — Ivana
例句
To top it all off, the fresh air and quiet atmosphere guarantee you an invigorating, yet relaxing, break from city life.最妙的是，新鲜的空气和安静的环境，保证让你远离城市生活，度过一个既提神又放松的假期。
Finally, the roads that take you there are jammed with traffic all summer.最后，去那儿的路整个夏天都堵得死死的。
05
besides再说；况且
反对时摆理由，用的说法和赞成时一样，只有一个例外：不用 in addition，而用 besides 引出补充的理由。
原句Besides, we don't even know her very well. — Ivana
例句
In the second place, it's just as hot there as it is in the city, and besides, the place is full of mosquitoes.其次，那里跟城里一样热，再说，到处都是蚊子。
06
so far到目前为止
从开始到现在为止的情况。可以放在句首（主语前面），也可以放在句末。
原句As you know, so far there are only two candidates, — Boss
例句
We have a hundred signatures on the petition so far.到目前为止，请愿书上已经有一百个签名了。
So far we have a hundred signatures on the petition.目前为止，我们已经征集到一百个签名。
07
still不过；尽管如此
still 意思很多。这里引出和前面相反、而且更重要的想法，说话人的真实倾向在 still 后面。on the other hand 也可以这样用。
原句Still, I recognize that she lacks experience. — Stan
例句
I would like to have that job. Still, it would be very difficult for me to move to another city to be able to do it.我很想要那份工作。不过，为了它搬到别的城市，对我来说太难了。（大概不会接受）
It would be very difficult for me to move to another city to be able to take that job. Still, I would like to have it.为了那份工作搬到别的城市，对我来说很难。不过，我还是很想要。（大概会接受）
08
since既然；因为
since 可以表示“自从……以来”，常和完成时连用；对话里的 since 是“既然、因为”的意思，指一个顺理成章的理由。
原句Well, since I put her name up, — Stan
例句
I can take you home, since your house isn't far from mine.我可以送你回家，反正你家离我家不远。
Since you came early, you can help me finish setting up for the party.既然你来得早，就帮我把派对布置完吧。
I haven't seen my uncle since last Friday.从上周五起我就没见过我叔叔了。
09
Yikes!天哪！哎呀！
表示吃惊，惊喜和惊吓都能用，相当于“天哪！”“哎呀！”。
原句Yikes! In my opinion, if she becomes director, nothing will change. — April
例句
You have just won a trip for two to Hawaii. Yikes! Wait 'til I tell my husband!您刚刚赢得了夏威夷双人游。——天哪！等我告诉我老公！
You are charged with driving more than fifteen miles over the speed limit. Yikes! Wait 'til I tell my husband!您被控超速行驶 15 英里以上。——哎呀！我老公知道了可怎么办！
10
Good grief天哪；真是的
表示有点不满、无奈，相当于“天哪”“真是的”。
原句Good grief, she's only been here since March, — Ivana
例句
More homework? Good grief, Miss Thompson, you've already given us a paper to write!还有作业？天哪，Thompson 老师，您已经让我们写一篇论文了！
11
just sayin'…我就是说说而已
说完一个建议后补一句，委婉地暗示“你考虑考虑”，表面上轻描淡写，其实很希望对方听进去。
原句simply because our competitors have enthusiastic new people and innovative programs. I'm just sayin'... — Katie
例句
There's a good movie on tonight, and I have a big flat-screen TV. Just sayin'...今晚有部好电影，我家有台大平板电视。我就是说说而已……
It could be that you're being a little hard on your sister. Just sayin'...你对你妹妹可能有点太严了。我就是说说……
12
I mean我是说
对刚说的话进一步解释或补充，相当于“我的意思是”“我是说”。
原句I mean, we wouldn't see anything new—just the opposite— — April
例句
I really don't recommend that teacher! I mean, she gives way too much homework.我真不推荐那个老师！我是说，她布置的作业太多了。
13
you guys你们；大家
口语里称呼“你们”“大家”，男女都可以用。美国南方常说 y'all。千万别说 you people，非常冒犯人。
原句OK. Then let's talk about Juliette. What do you guys think? — Boss
例句
What are you guys doing for the Fourth of July?你们七月四号独立日打算干什么？
What are y'all doing for the Fourth of July?你们七月四号独立日打算干啥？（美国南方说法）
14
friction摩擦；不和
人与人之间的摩擦、矛盾、不和。
原句And now that you tell me that her personality could cause friction among the employees, — Stan
例句
You guys have got to learn to get along. There is too much friction in this office.你们得学着好好相处。这个办公室的摩擦太多了。
15
Really.确实；真的
really 用法很多。对话里单独放在句首，表示同意前面的人说的话，相当于“确实”“可不是嘛”。
原句Really. I've heard that her coworkers think she's a bit uppity, — Tim
例句
The new teacher is fantastic. Really, she says she will help everybody get an A.新老师太棒了。真的，她说要帮每个人都拿 A。
16
total彻底的；十足的
放在名词前面作形容词，意思是“完全的、彻头彻尾的”。
原句Look, if Juliette gets this job, it will be a total disaster for the company. — Ivana
例句
He's a total slob. He never cleans his desk.他是个十足的邋遢鬼，从来不收拾桌子。
17
zero零；一点都没有
放在名词前面，表示“一点……都没有”，比 no 语气更强。
原句In the first place, her fancy degree isn't worth squat because she has zero experience. — Ivana
例句
She's hard to work for. She has zero patience.给她干活可不容易，她一点耐心都没有。
18
squat什么都没有
很随意的口语，意思是“什么都没有、一点都不”。not worth squat 就是“一文不值”。
原句In the first place, her fancy degree isn't worth squat because she has zero experience. — Ivana
例句
I went to every class, and I didn't learn squat. It was all a review of the previous class.我每节课都去了，结果什么都没学到。全是在复习上一门课的内容。
19
obviously显然
引出一件听的人心里已经清楚的事，相当于“显然”“明摆着”，也可以说 of course。
原句Obviously, we haven't found the ideal person to handle this job. — Boss
例句
John's dog just died. Obviously, he's feeling sad.John 的狗刚死了。他当然很难过。
Get Pierre to help you with your French. He knows the grammar inside out.让 Pierre 帮你学法语吧，他对语法了如指掌。
23
keep on继续；不停地
继续做、一直做下去，后面接动词 -ing。
原句we'd keep on implementing the same programs as always. — April
例句
We can't take a break. We have to keep on studying.我们不能休息，得继续学习。
24
think outside the box跳出框框思考
不按常规思路想问题，有创意、总能想出新办法。
原句She isn't known for thinking outside the box. — Katie
例句
When she solved the school's traffic problem, she was really thinking outside the box.她解决学校的交通问题时，真是跳出了常规思路。
25
fall off掉下来；下降
字面意思是从高处掉下来；也可以表示数量减少、下滑，比如销量、客户流失。
原句What's more, we'd start to see our current customer base fall off, — Katie
例句
He broke his leg when he fell off the diving board.他从跳板上摔下来，摔断了腿。
Sales of new houses began to fall off during the month of January.一月份新房销量开始下滑。
26
put one's two cents in发表一下意见
说说自己的看法，字面是“投进自己的两分钱”，带点谦虚。
原句Anybody else want to put their two cents in? — Boss
例句
Everybody is arguing about this. OK, I'll put my two cents in: we should go home and think about this and then try to discuss it calmly next week.大家都在为这事争。好吧，我也说两句：我们先回家想想，下周再心平气和地讨论。
27
a bit uppity有点傲慢
摆架子、觉得自己高人一等。也可以说 stuck-up、snooty、be a snob。
原句Really. I've heard that her coworkers think she's a bit uppity, — Tim
例句
Maybe she's just not used to the job, but the new secretary seems to be a bit uppity.也许她只是还不适应工作，不过新来的秘书好像有点傲慢。
28
put someone's name up提名某人
推荐、提名某人担任某个职位。
原句Well, since I put her name up, — Stan
例句
No, I'm not running for president of the fraternity. I don't know who put my name up.不，我没打算竞选兄弟会会长。不知道是谁提了我的名。
29
go along with接受；听从
接受、赞同某个想法或决定，哪怕自己原本不太同意。
原句then I'll go along with your decision in this case. — Stan
例句
I really don't agree with some of these rules, but I will go along with whatever the majority decides.有些规定我真的不同意，不过大多数人怎么决定，我都接受。
30
handle处理；应付；用手碰
把一件事处理好、应付得来；也可以是“用手摸、碰”，常见于商店的告示。
原句Obviously, we haven't found the ideal person to handle this job. — Boss
例句
The job is hard, but I think she can handle it.这份工作很难，不过我觉得她应付得来。
Please do not handle the merchandise.请勿触摸商品。
31
had better ('d better)最好……（不然有麻烦）
带警告意味的“最好……”，暗示不这样做就会有不好的后果。后面接动词原形，口语里常缩写成 'd better，否定是 'd better not。
原句I'll expect your suggestions—and they'd better be more promising! — Boss
例句
They'd better arrive on time.他们最好准时到。（不然就赶不上车了）
I'd better not go out tonight.我今晚最好别出去。（明天有考试要复习）
You'd better not tell anyone my secret.你最好别把我的秘密告诉任何人。（不然我会很生气）
03
Exercises练习
Exercise 1Choose the best word or expression选出最合适的说法
Pick an answer and you'll see right away whether it's right.点选一个答案，马上就能看到对错。
Exercise 2Match each line with a response情景配对
Choose a suitable response for each line. Some lines have more than one good response.给每句话选一个合适的回应。有的句子不止一个合适的回应。
Our professor just added two more essays to the syllabus.
You've just won a scholarship for next semester!
Why do you want Tom as our group leader?
How many people have signed up for the trip?
Do you think Lisa is a good choice for class rep?
I think we should meet at the library, not the café.
Is the new club president doing a good job?
There's a big sale at the bookstore today. Just sayin'...
a. Twelve so far.
b. OK, I'll go along with that.
c. Good grief! We already have three!
d. Yes, she's handling it really well.
e. Yikes! Wait 'til I tell my parents!
f. OK, OK, I'll go with you!
g. In the first place, he's organized. Plus, he gets along with everybody.
h. Not really. She's a bit uppity.
i. No way. It would be a total disaster.
Exercise 3Give your opinion说说你的看法
Answer in a full sentence, using expressions from this lesson.用本课的表达，写一句完整的回答。
Should first-year students live on campus?
What are the pros and cons of studying abroad?
What do you think of your university library?
How many courses have you finished so far?
What had you better do before your next exam?
看参考答案
Yes. In the first place, it's easier to make friends. Plus, you're close to your classes.
On the pro side, you can pick up a new language; on the con side, it's very expensive.
It's not exactly modern. Still, it's quiet, and it's open twenty-four hours.
So far I've finished six courses.
I'd better start reviewing this week; otherwise, I'll have to cram the night before.
Exercise 4Write a question or remark for each response根据回答写出前一句
Write what the other person said first: a question or a remark that fits each response.写出对方先说的话：一个问题或一句话，要和后面的回答对得上。
OK, I'll go along with that.
Good grief! Not again!
Yikes! That's tomorrow?
So far, only three people.
In the first place, it's too expensive.
Sure, I think she can handle it.
看参考答案
Let's meet at the library at ten tomorrow.
The printer in the computer lab is broken again.
Don't forget—the essay is due tomorrow at nine.
How many people have signed up for the study trip?
Why don't you want to rent that apartment?
Do you think Ana can manage the club's budget?
Exercise 5Match words with similar meanings意思配对
For each expression on the left, choose the phrase closest in meaning.给左边的表达选一个意思相近的说法。
keep on
fall off
handle
a bit uppity
go along with
put someone's name up
put your two cents in
think outside the box
inside out
squat
a. be creative
b. nothing at all
c. not stop
d. accept
e. give your opinion
f. manage
g. thoroughly
h. decline
i. nominate
j. stuck-up
Exercise 6Use the correct form of the verb用括号里动词的正确形式填空
We have to keep on (work) on our group project this weekend.
You'd better (start) your essay tonight.
I'll go along with whatever the group (decide) .
She isn't known for (think) outside the box.
I'd better not (miss) another class, or I'll fail the course.
Who (put) my name up for class rep last week?
keep on、be known for 后面接动词 -ing；had better / 'd better (not) 后面接动词原形；the group 是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词加 -s；put 的过去式还是 put。
Exercise 7Write your own动手写
Your student club is choosing a new president. Write the discussion, with arguments for and against a candidate, using at least 8 expressions from this lesson.你们社团要选新会长。用本课至少 8 个表达，写一段讨论：有人赞成，有人反对，都要讲出理由。
看参考范文
Leo: OK, everyone. So far we have two candidates, Mina and Jake. Let's hear the pros and cons.
Ana: I think Mina is perfect for the job. In the first place, she knows the club inside out. What's more, she gets along with everybody.
Sam: I agree. Plus, she's always thinking outside the box. And to top it all off, she organized our best event last year!
Ben: Well, since I put Jake's name up, I have to say he's very bright. Still, he has zero experience.
Leo: Anybody else want to put their two cents in?
Ben: No. Obviously, most of you want Mina, so I'll go along with that.
Leo: Great. Mina, you'd better be ready for a busy year!
04
FAQ常见问题：这些话用英语怎么说
这一课的 31 个表达，按「中文的意思用英语怎么说」整理，点开看答案和例句。
「利与弊」用英语怎么说？
pros and cons利与弊；赞成和反对的理由
pro 可以是 professional 的简称，意思是“行家”；pros and cons 指一件事的好处和坏处，或者赞成和反对的理由。
例句：You painted the walls yourself? Man, you're a real pro!墙是你自己刷的？天哪，你真是个行家！
「首先」用英语怎么说？
in the first place首先；第一
摆出一连串理由说服别人时，第一条用 in the first place 开头；后面依次用 in the second place、in addition、furthermore（较正式）、what's more、plus，最后一条用 finally。
例句：Our lake district is a wonderful place for a vacation. In the first place, it's easily reached by car.我们的湖区是度假的好地方。首先，开车很容易到。
例句：What's more, there are lots of things to do, from golfing to swimming and other water sports, plus many activities organized especially for children.而且，可玩的东西很多，从高尔夫到游泳和其他水上运动都有，还有很多专门为孩子安排的活动。
「更要命的是」用英语怎么说？
to top it all off更要命的是；最妙的是
引出最后、也是最有分量的一条理由，好事坏事都能用：好事是“最妙的是”，坏事是“更要命的是”。也可以说 for the frosting on the cake、as if that weren't enough。
例句：To top it all off, the fresh air and quiet atmosphere guarantee you an invigorating, yet relaxing, break from city life.最妙的是，新鲜的空气和安静的环境，保证让你远离城市生活，度过一个既提神又放松的假期。
「再说」用英语怎么说？
besides再说；况且
反对时摆理由，用的说法和赞成时一样，只有一个例外：不用 in addition，而用 besides 引出补充的理由。
例句：In the second place, it's just as hot there as it is in the city, and besides, the place is full of mosquitoes.其次，那里跟城里一样热，再说，到处都是蚊子。
「到目前为止」用英语怎么说？
so far到目前为止
从开始到现在为止的情况。可以放在句首（主语前面），也可以放在句末。
例句：We have a hundred signatures on the petition so far.到目前为止，请愿书上已经有一百个签名了。
「不过」用英语怎么说？
still不过；尽管如此
still 意思很多。这里引出和前面相反、而且更重要的想法，说话人的真实倾向在 still 后面。on the other hand 也可以这样用。
例句：I would like to have that job. Still, it would be very difficult for me to move to another city to be able to do it.我很想要那份工作。不过，为了它搬到别的城市，对我来说太难了。（大概不会接受）
「既然」用英语怎么说？
since既然；因为
since 可以表示“自从……以来”，常和完成时连用；对话里的 since 是“既然、因为”的意思，指一个顺理成章的理由。
例句：I can take you home, since your house isn't far from mine.我可以送你回家，反正你家离我家不远。
「天哪！哎呀！」用英语怎么说？
Yikes!天哪！哎呀！
表示吃惊，惊喜和惊吓都能用，相当于“天哪！”“哎呀！”。
例句：You have just won a trip for two to Hawaii. Yikes! Wait 'til I tell my husband!您刚刚赢得了夏威夷双人游。——天哪！等我告诉我老公！
「天哪」用英语怎么说？
Good grief天哪；真是的
表示有点不满、无奈，相当于“天哪”“真是的”。
例句：More homework? Good grief, Miss Thompson, you've already given us a paper to write!还有作业？天哪，Thompson 老师，您已经让我们写一篇论文了！
「我就是说说而已」用英语怎么说？
just sayin'…我就是说说而已
说完一个建议后补一句，委婉地暗示“你考虑考虑”，表面上轻描淡写，其实很希望对方听进去。
例句：There's a good movie on tonight, and I have a big flat-screen TV. Just sayin'...今晚有部好电影，我家有台大平板电视。我就是说说而已……
「我是说」用英语怎么说？
I mean我是说
对刚说的话进一步解释或补充，相当于“我的意思是”“我是说”。
例句：I really don't recommend that teacher! I mean, she gives way too much homework.我真不推荐那个老师！我是说，她布置的作业太多了。
「你们」用英语怎么说？
you guys你们；大家
口语里称呼“你们”“大家”，男女都可以用。美国南方常说 y'all。千万别说 you people，非常冒犯人。
例句：What are you guys doing for the Fourth of July?你们七月四号独立日打算干什么？
「摩擦」用英语怎么说？
friction摩擦；不和
人与人之间的摩擦、矛盾、不和。
例句：You guys have got to learn to get along. There is too much friction in this office.你们得学着好好相处。这个办公室的摩擦太多了。
「确实」用英语怎么说？
Really.确实；真的
really 用法很多。对话里单独放在句首，表示同意前面的人说的话，相当于“确实”“可不是嘛”。
例句：The new teacher is fantastic. Really, she says she will help everybody get an A.新老师太棒了。真的，她说要帮每个人都拿 A。
「彻底的」用英语怎么说？
total彻底的；十足的
放在名词前面作形容词，意思是“完全的、彻头彻尾的”。
例句：He's a total slob. He never cleans his desk.他是个十足的邋遢鬼，从来不收拾桌子。
「零」用英语怎么说？
zero零；一点都没有
放在名词前面，表示“一点……都没有”，比 no 语气更强。
例句：She's hard to work for. She has zero patience.给她干活可不容易，她一点耐心都没有。
「什么都没有」用英语怎么说？
squat什么都没有
很随意的口语，意思是“什么都没有、一点都不”。not worth squat 就是“一文不值”。
例句：I went to every class, and I didn't learn squat. It was all a review of the previous class.我每节课都去了，结果什么都没学到。全是在复习上一门课的内容。
「显然」用英语怎么说？
obviously显然
引出一件听的人心里已经清楚的事，相当于“显然”“明摆着”，也可以说 of course。
例句：John's dog just died. Obviously, he's feeling sad.John 的狗刚死了。他当然很难过。
例句：We can't take a break. We have to keep on studying.我们不能休息，得继续学习。
「跳出框框思考」用英语怎么说？
think outside the box跳出框框思考
不按常规思路想问题，有创意、总能想出新办法。
例句：When she solved the school's traffic problem, she was really thinking outside the box.她解决学校的交通问题时，真是跳出了常规思路。
「掉下来」用英语怎么说？
fall off掉下来；下降
字面意思是从高处掉下来；也可以表示数量减少、下滑，比如销量、客户流失。
例句：He broke his leg when he fell off the diving board.他从跳板上摔下来，摔断了腿。
「发表一下意见」用英语怎么说？
put one's two cents in发表一下意见
说说自己的看法，字面是“投进自己的两分钱”，带点谦虚。
例句：Everybody is arguing about this. OK, I'll put my two cents in: we should go home and think about this and then try to discuss it calmly next week.大家都在为这事争。好吧，我也说两句：我们先回家想想，下周再心平气和地讨论。
「有点傲慢」用英语怎么说？
a bit uppity有点傲慢
摆架子、觉得自己高人一等。也可以说 stuck-up、snooty、be a snob。
例句：Maybe she's just not used to the job, but the new secretary seems to be a bit uppity.也许她只是还不适应工作，不过新来的秘书好像有点傲慢。
「提名某人」用英语怎么说？
put someone's name up提名某人
推荐、提名某人担任某个职位。
例句：No, I'm not running for president of the fraternity. I don't know who put my name up.不，我没打算竞选兄弟会会长。不知道是谁提了我的名。
「接受」用英语怎么说？
go along with接受；听从
接受、赞同某个想法或决定，哪怕自己原本不太同意。
例句：I really don't agree with some of these rules, but I will go along with whatever the majority decides.有些规定我真的不同意，不过大多数人怎么决定，我都接受。
「处理」用英语怎么说？
handle处理；应付；用手碰
把一件事处理好、应付得来；也可以是“用手摸、碰”，常见于商店的告示。
例句：The job is hard, but I think she can handle it.这份工作很难，不过我觉得她应付得来。
「最好……」用英语怎么说？
had better ('d better)最好……（不然有麻烦）
带警告意味的“最好……”，暗示不这样做就会有不好的后果。后面接动词原形，口语里常缩写成 'd better，否定是 'd better not。
例句：They'd better arrive on time.他们最好准时到。（不然就赶不上车了）
