英式语音语调训练12课 · 12 Alex 博士带你学英语
too / either / only / just / even 的重音
Too, either, only, just and even
too、either、only、just、even 这几个小词本身几乎不读重,句子的重音落在它们「管」的那个词上:多了什么、少了什么、只有什么、连什么都,就重读什么。同一句 He grows red cabbage, too,重音放在 red 还是 cabbage,意思就不一样。这一单元专门练这种「重音跟着意思走」的说法。
怎么看语调标记
↗ vid :声音从这个音节开始往上扬(如 Hello, Da↗vid)
↘ do :声音从这个音节开始往下降(如 How d'you ↘do)
↘↗ go :先降再扬,一个音节里拐个弯
跟读 照着读一遍;轮到你 用自己的话回应,点「参考回答」看怎么说;慢速 放慢了读,听清升降
书里的学习者叫 Jo,别人叫「Jo」就是在跟你说话
97
练习 97 too 永远放在句末,自己也降一下,但真正的重音落在「也」的那样东西上。问大麦,就答「还有紫甘蓝」,重音在 cabbage;问白甘蓝,就答「还有紫的」,重音挪到 red。
Listen to Alan and Sarah, then to David and Harriet.
Alan
Does your uncle grow
↘ barley on his farm, Sa
↗ rah ?
你叔叔的农场种大麦吗,Sarah?
Sarah
↘ Yes . He grows red
↘ cabbage ,
↘ too .
种。他还种紫甘蓝呢。
David
Does your uncle grow white
↘ cabbage on his farm, Har
↗ riet ?
你叔叔的农场种白甘蓝吗,Harriet?
Harriet
↘ Yes . He grows
↘ red cabbage,
↘ too .
种。紫甘蓝也种。
注意 red cabbage 的重音变了。再听一遍,跟读 Sarah 和 Harriet 的部分:
Alan
Does your uncle grow
↘ barley on his farm, Sa
↗ rah ?
Sarah
↘ Yes . He grows red
↘ cabbage ,
↘ too .
跟读
David
Does your uncle grow white
↘ cabbage on his farm, Har
↗ riet ?
Harriet
↘ Yes . He grows
↘ red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Harriet
↘ Yes . He grows
↘ red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
再来一个:Nichols 先生的工厂做泡菜,记者在采访他。
Interviewer
I understand you buy quite a lot of red
↘ cabbage , Mr Nichols?
听说您买了不少紫甘蓝,Nichols 先生?
Mr Nichols
↘ Yes . I
↘ grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
是的。我自己也种紫甘蓝。
再一个:这次记者采访 Nichols 先生的表兄弟 Wicks 先生。
Interviewer
Now your
↘ cousin grows quite a bit of red cabbage, Mr
↗ Wicks .
您的表兄弟种了不少紫甘蓝,Wicks 先生。
Mr Wicks
↘ Oh ,
↘ I grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
哦,我也种紫甘蓝。
重音又挪了两次。这次跟读 Nichols 先生和 Wicks 先生的部分:
Interviewer
I understand you buy quite a lot of red
↘ cabbage , Mr Nichols?
Mr Nichols
↘ Yes . I
↘ grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Mr Nichols
…
↘ grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Mr Nichols
↘ Yes . I
↘ grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Interviewer
Now your
↘ cousin grows quite a bit of red cabbage, Mr
↗ Wicks .
Mr Wicks
↘ Oh ,
↘ I grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Mr Wicks
… grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
Mr Wicks
↘ Oh ,
↘ I grow red cabbage,
↘ too .
跟读
这几句里 too 一直待在句末,变的是重音:不只是大麦,还有紫甘蓝(重读 cabbage);不只是白的,还有紫的(重读 red);Nichols 先生不光买,自己还种(重读 grow);不光 Nichols 先生,他表兄弟也种(重读 I / cousin)。
轮到你。情景:你对建筑感兴趣,传统的和现代的都喜欢;东非、西非你都去过,不光去旅行过,还在那里住过。Alan 来问你。录音里会先给一个提示词,你用它回答,然后听参考答案跟读。
Alan
So you've been to West
↘ Africa , Jo?
这么说你去过西非,Jo?
轮到你
提示词:East(东非)。
你(Jo)
↘ Yes , I've been to
↘ East Africa,
↘ too .
去过,东非我也去过。
跟读
Alan
↘ Really ? How
↘ marvellous —
↘ travelling in
↘ Africa !
真的?太棒了,在非洲旅行!
轮到你
提示词:Lived in Africa(在非洲住过)。
你(Jo)
↘ Oh , I've
↘ lived in Africa,
↘ too .
哦,我还在非洲住过呢。
跟读
Alan
And you're interested in traditional
↘ architecture , I believe?
我听说你对传统建筑感兴趣?
轮到你
提示词:Modern(现代的)。
你(Jo)
↘ Yes , I'm interested in
↘ modern architecture,
↘ too .
是的,现代建筑我也感兴趣。
跟读
98
练习 98 否定句里的「也」不用 too,用 either。规律一样:either 放在句末,重音落在「也不」的那样东西上。
If the idea is negative, too changes to either. Listen and repeat Mr Watkins's part.
Miss Roke
I'm wondering what's happened to our stock of
↘ postage stamps. We didn't send any first-class
↘ letters yester
↗ day , did we?
我在想咱们的邮票怎么少了。昨天我们没寄一等信件吧?
Mr Watkins
↘ No , we didn't send any
↘ second-class letters,
↘ either .
没有,二等信件也没寄。
跟读
从后往前练:
Mr Watkins
…
↘ second-class letters,
↘ either .
跟读
Mr Watkins
… send any
↘ second-class letters,
↘ either .
跟读
Mr Watkins
↘ No , we didn't send any
↘ second-class letters,
↘ either .
跟读
轮到你。先自己回答,再听参考答案跟读:
Sarah
Jo — I know you don't like
↘ salt in your
↗ tea , but what about your
↘ coffee ?
Jo,我知道你喝茶不加盐,那咖啡呢?
轮到你
你(Jo)
I don't like salt in my
↘ coffee ,
↘ either .
咖啡我也不加盐。
跟读
Sarah
You don't like
↘ salt in your cof
↗ fee ? What about
↘ pepper ?
你咖啡里不加盐?那胡椒呢?
轮到你
你(Jo)
I don't like
↘ pepper in my coffee, either.
胡椒我也不加。
跟读
Sarah
So you don't like
↘ pepper in your coffee? What about your
↘ brother ?
这么说你咖啡里不加胡椒。那你哥哥呢?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ He doesn't like pepper in his coffee,
↘ either .
他咖啡里也不加胡椒。
跟读
你(Jo)
He doesn't like pepper in his
↘ tea ,
↘ either .
他茶里也不加胡椒。
跟读
99
练习 99 only 也一样:自己不重读,重音放在「只是这个、不是那个」的词上。对方哪里说错了,你就重读哪里。
Now listen to Harriet and David; repeat Harriet's part. Then Sarah and Alan; repeat Alan's part.
David
Is it true that Douglas makes gold
↘↗ watches ?
听说 Douglas 做金表,是真的吗?
Harriet
↘ No , he only re
↘ pairs gold watches.
不是,他只修金表。
跟读
Sarah
Is it true that Douglas repairs silver
↘↗ watches ?
听说 Douglas 修银表,是真的吗?
Alan
↘ No , he only repairs
↘ gold watches.
不是,他只修金表。
跟读
第一段里 David 说对了「金表」,但说错了 Douglas 干什么:不是做(make),是修(repair),所以重读 repairs。再听一遍第一段:
David
Is it true that Douglas makes gold
↘↗ watches ?
Harriet
↘ No , he only re
↘ pairs gold watches.
跟读
第二段里 Sarah 说对了「修表」,但说错了金属:不是银的,是金的,所以重读 gold。再听一遍第二段:
Sarah
Is it true that Douglas repairs silver
↘↗ watches ?
Alan
↘ No , he only repairs
↘ gold watches.
跟读
这一句轮到你:
David
Jo — does Douglas repair gold
↘↗ earrings ?
Jo,Douglas 修金耳环吗?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , he only repairs gold
↘ watches .
不,他只修金表。
跟读
你认识一个叫 Alison 的人,她在学经济地理,别的都不学;也不教书,只是在学。练下面几句:
Alan
So Alison's
↘ teaching Economic Geography
↘ too , is
↗ she ?
这么说 Alison 也在教经济地理?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , she's only
↘ studying Economic Geography.
不,她只是在学经济地理。
跟读
David
So she's studying
↘ Physical Geography,
↘ too , is
↗ she ?
这么说她也在学自然地理?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , she's only studying Eco
↘ nomic Geography.
不,她只学经济地理。
跟读
Alan
What about Economic
↘ History ? I imagine
↘ that comes into it,
↘ too .
那经济史呢?我猜那也算在里面吧。
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , she's only studying Economic
↘ Geography .
不,她只学经济地理。
跟读
100
练习 100 just 常常跟 only 一个意思:「只是」。用法也一样:just 轻轻带过,重音落在被纠正的那个词上。
As you know, we often use just in the same sense as only. Listen and repeat Mr Watkins's part.
Inquirer
Are you pushing English
↘ cherries in your advertising cam
↗ paign ?
你们的广告是在推英国樱桃吗?
Mr Watkins
↘ No , we're just encouraging people to eat English
↘ apples .
不是,我们只是鼓励大家吃英国苹果。
跟读
从后往前练:
Mr Watkins
… encouraging people to eat English
↘ apples .
跟读
Mr Watkins
↘ No , we're just encouraging people to eat English
↘ apples .
跟读
轮到你:
David
↘ Hey , Jo! Is he encouraging people to eat
↘ Irish apples,
↗ too ?
嘿,Jo!他也鼓励大家吃爱尔兰苹果吗?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , he's just encouraging people to eat
↘ English apples.
不,他只是鼓励大家吃英国苹果。
跟读
Sarah
D'you mean he's
↘ forcing people to eat English ap
↗ ples ?
你是说他强迫大家吃英国苹果?
轮到你
你(Jo)
↘ No , he's just en
↘ couraging people to eat English apples.
不,他只是鼓励大家吃英国苹果。
跟读
最后一句重音后面拖着一长串不重读的词,再多练一遍,词和词要连起来说:
你(Jo)
… en
↘ couraging people to eat English apples.
跟读
你(Jo)
↘ No , he's just en
↘ couraging people to eat English apples.
跟读
101
练习 101 even(甚至、连……都)也是这样:even 本身轻读,重音落在「出人意料」的那个词上。同一句 he even wrote a book on Scottish trains,接不同的话,重音放的位置都不一样。
Here are David and Harriet again; repeat David's part. Then Sarah's part, then Mr Watkins's part.
Harriet
I've heard that Willie Grant wrote books on
↘ all subjects.
听说 Willie Grant 什么题材的书都写过。
David
Oh,
↘ yes , he even wrote a book on Scottish
↘ trains .
是啊,他连苏格兰火车的书都写过。
跟读
Alan
I've heard that Willie Grant wrote books on trains all over the
↘ world .
听说 Willie Grant 写过世界各地火车的书。
Sarah
Oh,
↘ yes , he even wrote a book on
↘ Scottish trains.
是啊,他连苏格兰的火车都写过。
跟读
Miss Roke
I've heard that Willie Grant was a great expert on
↘ Scottish trains.
听说 Willie Grant 是苏格兰火车的大专家。
Mr Watkins
Oh,
↘ yes , he even wrote a
↘ book on Scottish trains.
是啊,他还专门写过一本苏格兰火车的书呢。
跟读
你认识一个怪人,在家里也穿着大衣。你会听到两个问题,你的回答会让提问的人吃一惊:
David
Is it true that old Fred wears his
↘ overcoat wherever he
↗ goes ?
听说老 Fred 走到哪儿都穿着大衣,是真的吗?
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , he even wears his overcoat in the
↘ house .
是啊,他在家里都穿着大衣。
跟读
Sarah
I've been told that old Fred's house is
↘ freezing ↗ cold .
有人跟我说,老 Fred 家里冷得要命。
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , he even wears his
↘ overcoat in the house.
是啊,他在家里都得穿大衣。
跟读
你还认识一个会说中文的人:
Harriet
Someone told me Rosemary speaks several
↘ languages .
有人跟我说 Rosemary 会好几种语言。
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , she even speaks Chi
↘ nese .
是啊,她连中文都会说。
跟读
Alan
You know Rosemary, Jo — is it true she can read Chi
↘↗ nese ?
你认识 Rosemary 吧,Jo?听说她能看懂中文,是真的吗?
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , she even
↘ speaks Chinese.
是啊,她中文都能说呢。
跟读
还有一个很有钱的朋友买了座城堡:
David
This fellow
↘ Stanley — he
↘ loves castles, so I
↗ hear .
Stanley 这个人,听说他特别喜欢城堡。
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , he's even
↘ bought a castle.
是啊,他都买下一座城堡了。
跟读
Sarah
What's all this about a chap called
↘ Stanley who goes round buying things?
那个叫 Stanley、到处买东西的家伙是怎么回事?
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , he's even bought a
↘ castle .
是啊,他连城堡都买了。
跟读
102
练习 102 even 也可以放在句首,修饰后面的主语:even a child、even I。even 照样轻读,重音落在 child、I 这些词上。
Sometimes even stands at the beginning of the sentence.
Miss Roke
This new
↘ typewriter — is it
↘ light in
↗ weight ?
这台新打字机,分量轻吗?
Salesman
Oh,
↘ yes , even a
↘ child can carry it.
轻,连小孩都搬得动。
Miss Roke
What about
↘ maintenance ? Is it easy to re
↘↗ pair ?
维护呢?好修吗?
Salesman
Oh,
↘ yes , even
↘ I can repair it.
好修,连我都会修。
这两句再练一遍:
Salesman
Even a
↘ child can carry it.
跟读
现在你是推销员:
Miss Roke
What about the
↘ price ? No doubt a
↘ large office could afford
↗ one …
价格呢?大公司肯定买得起……
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , even a
↘ small office could afford one.
是的,连小公司都买得起。
跟读
Miss Roke
↘ Good . Now I see that all your new typewriters have a guaran
↘ tee , but what about your second-
↘ hand ones?
好。我看到你们的新打字机都有保修,那二手的呢?
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , even our second-
↘ hand ones have a guarantee.
有的,连二手的都有保修。
跟读
Miss Roke
I'm
↘ glad to hear that. Now you say that your de-luxe model is extremely
↘ popular , but what about your
↘ standard model?
那就好。你说你们的豪华款特别受欢迎,那标准款呢?
轮到你
你(Jo)
Oh,
↘ yes , even our
↘ standard model's extremely popular.
是的,连标准款都特别受欢迎。
跟读
原声出处:Ian Thompson《Intonation Practice》(Oxford University Press, 1981)配套录音,版权归原作者和出版方所有,这里只剪取例句,用于学习讲解;中文讲解和语调标注为稳麓教育自编。点句子前面的 ▶ 听原声,听完暂停,自己跟着说一遍。
这是最后一个单元